DSAP, a Formulation Derived from Apples, Showed the Potential to Reduce Inflammation in COVID-19 Infected Patient
Abstract
Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 virus is a respiratory virus that causes severe acute respiratory disorder with an unknown mortality rate. It has been reported that excessive inflammation in COVID-19-infected patients could lead to unfavorable immune reactions such as cytokine storms, which could even cause death. The search for therapeutic strategies to suppress or modulate inflammation in COVID-19 is an important goal not only for COVID-19 infection but for other acute respiratory infections. We aimed to evaluate the effects of using an apple-based formulation called Dezhakam sap (D.SAP) in the reduction of COVID-19-associated inflammation response of individuals with COVID-19 infection.
Methods: We recruited 210 patients with COVID-19 infection who had used D.SAP for at least 12 months before the viral infection and 350 patients with COVID-19 infection who had not used D.SAP. A matched control healthy group with no history of COVID-19 infection, including 1080 subjects used for comparison with infected groups. Blood samples obtained from all subjects' RNA were extracted from blood and cDNA was synthesized from RNAs. Then all subjects were examined for inflammation markers in blood samples using Real-time PCR.
Results: Results showed significant alterations in mRNA level of inflammation factor genes in patients with D.SAP usage reputation compared to COVID-19-infected subjects without using D.SAP.
Conclusion: Results showed the effectiveness of specially formulated apple vinegar D.SAP as a natural anti-inflammatory agent. It seems that the anti-inflammation effects of D.SAP users may related to the antioxidant effects of polyphenolic compounds of apples that were maintained during the process of D.SAP production. Reduction of inflammation markers may increase the survival rate in patients with severe reactions of the immune system in COVID-19 infection.
Keywords: COVID-19; Apple; D.SAP; Inflammation; Gene expression
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DOI:10.46998/IJCMCR.2024.45.001119